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Physics

Carlo Rovelli on what we get wrong about the origins of quantum theory

Conventional accounts of the birth of quantum theory often overlook the pivotal role of one of its luminaries – and this has led to a persistent misunderstanding of what it really means, argues physicist Carlo Rovelli

By Carlo Rovelli

15 April 2025

ÐÔÊӽ紫ý. Science news and long reads from expert journalists, covering developments in science, technology, health and the environment on the website and the magazine.

Alamy; SPL

The story of the birth of quantum mechanics is often told, but not always correctly, in my opinion. Introductory quantum physics classes focus on the famous equation written by Erwin Schrödinger in 1926, which describes quantum waves. I think the emphasis on these waves has generated a confusion that persists today. The birth of quantum theory happened a year earlier, largely in the work of Max Born and his collaborators. And I like to draw attention to this point not just to give Born deserved credit, but also because I think the emphasis on Schrödinger’s waves is responsible…

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