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Earth

How buried cables are revealing Earth’s interior in incredible detail

The globe is criss-crossed by unused fibre-optic cables. Now, researchers are using them to defend against earthquakes and produce an unprecedented map of the underground world

By James Dinneen

21 May 2025

ÐÔÊӽ紫ý. Science news and long reads from expert journalists, covering developments in science, technology, health and the environment on the website and the magazine.

Julien Pacaud

Beneath the winding streets of Istanbul, Turkey, a fibre-optic cable pulses with laser light. Until recently, this stretch of the information superhighway has lain dormant and dark, but a group of researchers now huddles around to watch a computer screen fill with shimmering lines of data as the light flashes underground. The lines represent subtle underground vibrations from an earthquake, detected along the fibre in a way that has only recently become possible – part of a decades-long quest to peel back the surface of Earth and look inside.

Much of the internet, phone systems, television and other high-speed communications relies…

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